Essentially all of Lotus' damage comes from her summoned Nodes and Drones, which are Aux Units.
As such, a lot of the common supports are mostly useless for Lotus, as their buffs don't affect Aux Units.
Lotus wants ATK buffs, debuffs to the enemies DEF and resistance, and nothing else.
Note that Lotus has a low ATK stat - her base ATK is low, her 5* weapon doesn't give her any ATK, and her logistics 2/3 and 3/3 bonuses don't give her any ATK.
Most dps operatives end up with 5-6k ATK when fully maxed. Lotus should have 3158.
Her low ATK stat means that flat ATK buffs are much more powerful for Lotus than they are for other dps operatives.
Aux Units and Double-Dipping
It is very important to note that when an Aux unit is crated, it's ATK is the same as the operative who created it, at the time of its creation.
If an operatives ATK stat changes after the Aux Unit is created, that will not affect the Aux Units ATK stat - the only thing that matters is the ATK stat of the summoning operative at the time the Aux Unit is created.
This means that you need to make sure her ATK buffs are applied to Lotus when she summons her Nodes.
This also means that some effects can be double-dipped, as you can use them to buff Lotus herself, who the Nodes inherit their ATK from, and the Nodes can then gain the ATK buff as well, allowing them to gain the ATK buff twice.
If these are percentage buffs, they will stack multiplicatively with each other.
Since Mauxir's Nodes have no time limit and last forever, you may only need to apply your buffs to Lotus once per fight, regardless of how long the fight lasts, provided you can keep her Nodes alive.
If Lotus can't double-dip, then that means the buffs apply to Lotus herself but not to the drones, which means that once you've created the Nodes there's no reason to ever apply the buff again.
Aux Units do not benefit from Skill Damage buffs, such as from Marian - Riptide's M2 buff or Siris - Freefin's Freetide buff.
Aux Units:
are not "full squad"
are not a "deployed operative"
are an "ally operative"
Vidya - Celestial Swan works by debuffing enemies, and she works just as well for Lotus as she does for all other operatives, and is Lotus' best support.
Acacia - Kaguya also debuffs enemies, and is a great support for Lotus if Celestial Swan isn't available.
Beyond debuffing enemies, how good a support operative is for Lotus is basically just a measure of how much of an ATK buff they can apply to Lotus, and whether it also applies to the Nodes and Drones as well and with what uptime.
Since Lotus' Auctus Drives aren't out yet, I can't test exactly who are Lotus' best supports, but for now, Yao is by-far the best only when double-dipping her ult.
Other than Yao's double-ult, Celestial Swan is Lotus' best support, but Celestial Swan only barely outperforms Phantasia.
For now, when tested individually, Lotus' best supports are (in descending order):
235% Yao - Nightglow when double-dipping her ult
188% Vidya - Celestial Swan when on her own - she'll perform better when she and Lotus are paired with another strong support.
182% Tess - Phantasia
164% Yao - Nightglow when not using her ult a second time.
145% Eatchel - The Cub
135% Siris - Freefin
This is just what I have tested so far. Again, numbers will change once I can test with her Auctus Drives.
Note that my Yao isn't maxed, and is giving less ATK than she could, so her numbers could be higher. That doesn't actually affect her position in the list though.
(I.e. even with max investment, Yao won't outperform Tess, although she'll get much closer.)
Regardless, Celestial Swan and Phantasia are Lotus' best supports, and that should be true regardless of the level of investment you have for Lotus or your supports.
Note that when supporting Lotus, the 4* support weapons outperform the signature weapons of all the operatives in the list above except Eatchel and Celestial Swan.
The 4* support weapons are Prismatic Igniter, Strawberry Shortcake, Deep Sea's Call, etc.
Eatchel's best weapon is still her signature 5* (Blitzing Fangs).
The extra Support Skill uptime from Celestial Swan's signature weapons mean they are still her best weapons.
Support operatives that do actually work with Lotus:
Tess - Phantasia
Phantasia's Arcane logistics squad gives a +35% ATK buff to operatives within the Realm of Wonder created by her ult.
Lotus can double-dip on this - use Tess' ult to apply the buff to Lotus, then have Lotus create her Nodes - the Nodes will inherit Lotus' buffed ATK stat, and Tess will then buff the already-buffed Nodes.
Since Tess' bonus is a 35% increase, the Nodes will end up with (+35% * +35%) = +82.25% ATK buff, which is extremely strong.
Since Tess' ult can have an unlimited duration and can be moved to stay on top of all the Nodes/Drones, maintaining that ATK buff for the Nodes is trivial.
Note that the aptitude buff from Tess' support skill isn't useful to Lotus - she should be shooting her nodes anyway, not the enemy, so since Tess' support skill doesn't give Lotus an ATK buff, it's useless to her.
As such, you don't ever need to actually use Phantasia's support skill.
If you have Tess' M2 bonus, you can use Tess' support skill and shoot the enemy every 5s to inflict the DMG taken debuff.
Tess is also on-element to Lotus, meaning she can be used with Celestial Swan, but since Tess doesn't generally deal damage when supporting Lotus beong on-element doesn't actually matter.
Yao - Nightglow
Yao provides a flat ATK buff (of up to +1,500 ATK) to all operatives within the Shimmering Stardome created by her ult.
Yao's Zephyr logistics squad also gives a +30% ATK buff during her ult as well.
You can get this buff almost immediately by just shooting with Lotus' sniper a few times, using Yao's ult, and then summoning three Nodes during Yao's Stardome.
Yao's ult might only last like 3 seconds, but that's all Lotus needs.
Lotus will get the ATK buff from the Stardome, which the Nodes can inherit.
The Nodes will retain their ATK stat even after Yao's ult ends, so Yao's ult having a short duration doesn't matter.
This is a very quick and very easy damage buff, and is quite strong.
If you aren't using Celestial Swan, you can use Yao's ult later when you have the U-Energy to do so, in order to have Yao's Stardome apply even more ATK to the nodes, as Lotus' Nodes can double-dip on Yao's buffs.
Nightglow conflicts with Celestial Swan, so you don't want to use her ult again later if using Celestial Swan.
If using Phantasia instead of Celestial Swan, you can spam Nightglow's ult.
Even if using Nightglow alongside Celestial Swan such that you don't want to use Yao's ult again later, the damage buff Yao can provide to Lotus is still very strong.
Eatchel - The Cub
Eatchel's usual ATK buff is strong, and provides the drones with a good ATK buff.
Eatchel can also heal Lotus' Nodes, although since Lotus' optimal playstyle is to shoot her own Nodes to heal them and reduce the cooldown on her ult, Eatchel's healing isn't overly useful as Lotus heals her Nodes for much more than Eatchel does, but the extra healing Eatchel provides is still nice.
Siris - Freefin
Freefin provides a +15% ATK buff, as well as a flat ATK buff equal to 1% of Siris' Max HP (so proably around +500-600 ATK depending on your investment).
Lotus can't double-dip on this buff, but it's still a decent damage bonus.
Since Lotus can't double-dip, Freefin doesn't need to do anything after providing her damage buff.
Siris is not an overly strong support for Lotus when compared to the above, but her damage bonus is still good.
Vidya - Agave
Agave's support skill provides a 20% ATK buff, which Agave can supplement using Prismatic Igniter to turn her into an actually quite good support for Lotus.
She's still a cope support and performs worse than all of the above, but Agave is one of the very few operatives who provides an ATK buff with no strings attached, meaning she is one of the very few operatives who can actually buff Lotus without relying on a 4* support weapon, logistics squad, or otherwise changing her default loadout in any way.
(Although if you want to use Agave as a support you should change her weapon and logistics squad...)
Any operative with a support weapon
The 4* support weapons (Prismatic Igniter, Strawberry Shortcake, Deep Sea's Call, etc.) all provide a 15s ATK buff to the deployed operative after their equipping operative uses their support skill.
Operatives using these weapons work well with Lotus, as their ATK buff can end up being quite large due to Lotus' low ATK stat.